BVA decisions by condition
Migraine: BVA grant rates and what wins
From 2017 to 2026, the Board of Veterans' Appeals decided a migraine issue in 38,924 decisions. It granted the migraine issue in 30.7% of them, above the 19.4% grant rate for all conditions, denied it in 24.9%, and remanded it in 43.0%. Counting only decisions on the merits (granted or denied), 55.2% were granted.
From Board of Veterans' Appeals decisions: appeals, not VA's first decisions. Issue-level outcomes.
Decisions
38,924
2017–2026
Granted
30.7%
All conditions: 19.4%
Granted on the merits
55.2%
Granted ÷ (granted + denied)
Remanded
43.0%
Denied: 24.9%
At a glance
Evidence in granted and denied migraine decisions
For each kind of supporting evidence: how often the Board granted the migraine issue on the merits when the decision mentioned it, compared with decisions that did not. These are associations, not causes, and evidence is recorded per decision, not per issue.
| In the record | Decisions | Granted when present | When absent | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive nexus opinion | 6,955 | 79.8% | 47.5% | +32.3 pts |
| Favorable VA exam | 6,223 | 73.3% | 49.7% | +23.6 pts |
| Claimed as secondary | 8,958 | 74.0% | 51.2% | +22.8 pts |
| Treating physician opinion | 1,973 | 71.0% | 54.2% | +16.8 pts |
| Private medical opinion | 11,869 | 65.6% | 49.5% | +16.1 pts |
| Buddy statement | 1,361 | 67.8% | 54.7% | +13.1 pts |
| Combat service | 2,189 | 62.4% | 54.8% | +7.6 pts |
| Lay statement | 32,456 | 55.3% | 54.4% | +0.9 pts |
- The Board applied the benefit-of-the-doubt rule (38 CFR 3.102) in 72.9% of the decisions that granted migraine.
- The Board found the veteran's statements credible in 45.6% of grants and 14.1% of denials.
Negative evidence in the record
An unfavorable exam or a negative nexus opinion often sits in the same record as favorable evidence, and the Board weighs them against each other. So these rows show how often migraine was still granted when the record contained the negative item, not that the item helped.
| In the record | Decisions | Granted when present | When absent | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative nexus opinion | 18,461 | 53.1% | 57.1% | −3.9 pts |
| Unfavorable VA exam | 29,980 | 54.3% | 60.3% | −6.0 pts |
Recent migraine decisions
Granted
Persian Gulf Veteran status verified by DoD data.; Migraines diagnosed in Oct 2020 VA exam.; Migraines considered qualifying chronic disability under 38 C.F.R. § 3.317.
Reduction improper due to inadequate VA examinations; Examinations did not reconcile findings with Veteran's reports of frequent incapacitating headaches and missed work; Veteran's testimony and submitted evidence (employer letter, headache log) supported continued 50% rating
Veteran's testimony and lay statements support frequent, prostrating attacks.; Attacks are prolonged and capable of producing severe economic inadaptability.; December 2020 VA exam was inadequate for downplaying frequency and economic impact.
Denied
Denied as secondary to denied bruxism; No current bruxism established
Headaches not prostrating or prolonged.; Did not cause severe economic inadaptability.; Did not impact occupational tasks.
Veteran already at maximum rating for migraines (50%); Evidence did not support higher rating
Migraine claimed as a secondary condition
Decisions where migraine was claimed as secondary to another service-connected disability (38 CFR 3.310), by that disability.
- Migraine secondary to PTSD1,732 decisions · 37.1% granted
- Migraine secondary to a psychiatric disorder1,181 decisions · 41.2% granted
- Migraine secondary to tinnitus1,013 decisions · 31.9% granted
- Migraine secondary to a neck (cervical spine) condition628 decisions · 34.9% granted
- Migraine secondary to TBI481 decisions · 35.8% granted
- Migraine secondary to a back condition347 decisions · 18.7% granted
- Migraine secondary to hypertension346 decisions · 23.7% granted
Migraine outcomes by year
| Year | Issues decided | Granted | Denied | Remanded | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 1,941 | 20.5% | 28.6% | 42.1% | 8.8% |
| 2018 | 3,539 | 24.6% | 27.0% | 43.3% | 5.1% |
| 2019 | 4,419 | 26.1% | 25.5% | 45.6% | 2.7% |
| 2020 | 3,998 | 27.2% | 27.9% | 42.6% | 2.3% |
| 2021 | 3,818 | 28.7% | 25.7% | 43.0% | 2.6% |
| 2022 | 3,693 | 29.4% | 21.4% | 46.5% | 2.7% |
| 2023 | 4,461 | 30.4% | 21.2% | 45.8% | 2.6% |
| 2024 | 5,387 | 33.9% | 22.9% | 41.0% | 2.2% |
| 2025 | 6,403 | 35.5% | 25.6% | 36.9% | 2.0% |
| 2026 | 2,363 | 38.8% | 22.7% | 35.6% | 2.8% |
Each row counts issues (each condition the Board decided), so the shares add up to 100%. Other: dismissed, withdrawn or no clear outcome. Years with fewer than 50 issues are left out.
Why the Board granted or denied migraine
Most common reasons in grants
- Current diagnosis established917
- Caused by the service-connected disability419
- Continuity of symptomatology since service338
- Service connection established203
- Aggravated by the service-connected disability183
- Migraines rated under DC 8100161
- Criteria for service connection met153
- Severe economic inadaptability148
Most common reasons in denials
- Preponderance of the evidence against the claim754
- VA examiner: less likely than not related to service705
- No current diagnosis529
- No in-service complaints, treatment or diagnosis521
- Service records negative or silent499
- Already at the maximum schedular rating470
- Current diagnosis established254
- No evidence of severe economic inadaptability122
Numbers are decisions that gave the reason. Reasons are short phrases extracted by AI from each decision; common wordings of the same reason are grouped. Benefit of the doubt is reported above.
How the Board rates migraine
The Board decided 20,250 migraine rating issues from 2017 to 2026: it granted a higher rating in 35%, denied one in 29% and sent 33% back for a new exam or more records.
By diagnostic code
The codes the Board rated migraine under, most used first. “Granted on the merits” leaves out remands. The last column is the percent the Board assigned most often when it granted a higher rating.
| Code | Issues | Granted on the merits | Remanded | Most common rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8100Migraine | 7,495 | 53.7% | 5.2% | 50% (64% of grants) |
| 8045 | 43 | 50.0% | 41.9% | 50% (86% of grants) |
12,539 issues named no diagnostic code, most of them remands.
Ratings the Board assigned
Share of each percent among the 4,031 grants that stated one.
- 0%0.2%
- 10%7.8%
- 30%30.8%
- 40%0.1%
- 50%61.0%
- 100%0.0%
Why the Board granted a higher rating
- benefit of the doubt / evidence in equipoise2,422
- criteria for the rating met or more nearly approximated664
- criteria for a higher rating not met278
- resolving doubt in veteran's favor161
- migraines rated under dc 8100153
- severe economic inadaptability139
Why the Board denied one
- criteria for a higher rating not met1,889
- already at the maximum schedular rating465
- extraschedular consideration206
- benefit of the doubt / evidence in equipoise151
- no evidence of severe economic inadaptability117
- migraines rated under dc 810098
Evidence in rating grants and denials
How often the Board granted a higher migraine rating on the merits when the decision mentioned each kind of evidence, against decisions that did not. Associations, not causes.
| In the record | Decisions | Granted when present | When absent | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Favorable VA exam | 3,816 | 68.7% | 49.4% | +19.3 pts |
| Treating physician opinion | 1,050 | 67.3% | 53.6% | +13.8 pts |
| Private medical opinion | 5,838 | 62.8% | 50.3% | +12.4 pts |
| Lay statement | 16,311 | 55.6% | 45.8% | +9.8 pts |
| In the record | Decisions | Granted when present | When absent | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unfavorable VA exam | 15,469 | 53.6% | 59.7% | −6.1 pts |
The Board applied the benefit of the doubt (38 CFR 3.102) in 69.3% of the decisions that granted a higher rating.
Recent rating decisions
Higher rating granted
Veteran's testimony and lay statements support frequent, prostrating attacks.; Attacks are prolonged and capable of producing severe economic inadaptability.; December 2020 VA exam was inadequate for downplaying frequency and economic impact.
Headaches rated under DC 8100; 50% rating for very frequent, completely prostrating, prolonged attacks productive of severe economic inadaptability; Headache log documented 55 prostrating headaches over 8 months, many lasting all day; Veteran reported missing work and needing to rest in dark room; Benefit of doubt afforded to Veteran
Resolving reasonable doubt in Veteran's favor; Headaches frequent, prolonged, prostrating; Severe economic inadaptability
Denied
Headaches not prostrating or prolonged.; Did not cause severe economic inadaptability.; Did not impact occupational tasks.
Veteran already at maximum rating for migraines (50%); Evidence did not support higher rating
Veteran sought increased rating for migraine headaches.; Veteran already received maximum 50% schedular rating.; No higher rating available for the period on appeal.
How VA rates migraine
Once service connection is granted, VA assigns a disability rating from the rating schedule, 38 CFR 4.124a, diagnostic code 8100 (Migraine). The rating is the same whether the condition is service connected directly or as secondary to another disability.
| Rating | Criteria |
|---|---|
| 50% | With very frequent completely prostrating and prolonged attacks productive of severe economic inadaptability |
| 30% | With characteristic prostrating attacks occurring on an average once a month over last several months |
| 10% | With characteristic prostrating attacks averaging one in 2 months over last several months |
| 0% | With less frequent attacks |
- Note (1): There may be an overlap of manifestations of conditions evaluated under the table titled “Evaluation Of Cognitive Impairment And Other Residuals Of TBI Not Otherwise Classified” with manifestations of a comorbid mental or neurologic or other physical disorder that can be separately evaluated under another diagnostic code. In such cases, do not assign more than one evaluation based on the same manifestations. If the manifestations of two or more conditions cannot be clearly separated, assign a single evaluation under whichever set of diagnostic criteria allows the better assessment of overall impaired functioning due to both conditions. However, if the manifestations are clearly separable, assign a separate evaluation for each condition.
- Note (2): Symptoms listed as examples at certain evaluation levels in the table are only examples and are not symptoms that must be present in order to assign a particular evaluation.
- Note (3): “Instrumental activities of daily living” refers to activities other than self-care that are needed for independent living, such as meal preparation, doing housework and other chores, shopping, traveling, doing laundry, being responsible for one's own medications, and using a telephone. These activities are distinguished from “Activities of daily living,” which refers to basic self-care and includes bathing or showering, dressing, eating, getting in or out of bed or a chair, and using the toilet.
- Note (4): The terms “mild,” “moderate,” and “severe” TBI, which may appear in medical records, refer to a classification of TBI made at, or close to, the time of injury rather than to the current level of functioning. This classification does not affect the rating assigned under diagnostic code 8045.
- Note (5): A veteran whose residuals of TBI are rated under a version of § 4.124a, diagnostic code 8045, in effect before October 23, 2008 may request review under diagnostic code 8045, irrespective of whether his or her disability has worsened since the last review. VA will review that veteran's disability rating to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to a higher disability rating under diagnostic code 8045. A request for review pursuant to this note will be treated as a claim for an increased rating for purposes of determining the effective date of an increased rating awarded as a result of such review; however, in no case will the award be effective before October 23, 2008. For the purposes of determining the effective date of an increased rating awarded as a result of such review, VA will apply 38 CFR 3.114, if applicable.
- Note: The ratings under code 8046 apply only when the diagnosis of cerebral arteriosclerosis is substantiated by the entire clinical picture and not solely on findings of retinal arteriosclerosis.
Text of 38 CFR 4.124a as of Feb 27, 2026. Confirm the current text at the source before relying on it.
Rules that apply to migraine claims
- 38 CFR 4.124a · DC 8100
Schedule of ratings: neurological conditions
Read it in VA Law Explorer - M21-1 V.iii.12.A.3
Migraine: rating criteria, lay evidence of prostration, headache journals
Read it in VA Law Explorer - M21-1 IV.i.3.B.1.b
Reviewing a headache examination report
Read it in VA Law Explorer - 38 CFR 3.303
Principles of service connection
Read it in VA Law Explorer - 38 CFR 3.310
Secondary service connection and aggravation
Read it in VA Law Explorer - 38 CFR 3.102
Reasonable doubt (benefit of the doubt)
Read it in VA Law Explorer
Research your migraine case
Narrow by year, judge, evidence or secondary condition, read the decisions, and export a research memo.
How these numbers are calculated
- Rates count decisions in which the Board decided a migraine issue, by the outcome of that issue. Other issues in the same decision can have different outcomes.
- “Granted on the merits” leaves out remands and dismissals. “All conditions” is the grant share across every condition issue in the data.
- The data comes from CaseScribe's AI extraction of public BVA decisions (2017–2026) and can contain errors. It is updated automatically as new decisions are added.
Where this data comes from
- Claim
- Regional office decides
- Veteran appeals
- Board decides
- Granted · Denied · Remanded: back to the regional office
Board of Veterans' Appeals decisions show how VA's highest review body applies 38 CFR and weighs evidence on contested claims.
Each one is an appeal: a regional office decided the claim first, and the veteran appealed. So these rates describe the Board, not a veteran's odds at the regional office, where most claims are decided and whose decisions are not public.
More on what Board decisions can and cannot tell you